Allergic reactions can range from mild (hives, itching) to life-threatening anaphylaxis within minutes.
Anaphylaxis can be triggered by insect stings (especially bees and wasps), certain medications, vaccines, or foods. It is rare but requires immediate emergency care.
Signs of anaphylaxis:
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Sudden swelling of the face, muzzle, or around the eyes
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Hives or raised welts across the body
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Vomiting and diarrhea
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Extreme agitation or sudden lethargy
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Pale or white gums
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Difficulty breathing
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Collapse
What to do: This is a true emergency. Go to an emergency vet immediately, do not wait to see if it improves. Anaphylaxis can cause cardiovascular collapse within minutes. If your dog has had a severe reaction before, ask your vet about keeping an epinephrine auto-injector on hand.
Mild reactions, mild facial swelling, minor hives with no breathing difficulty, still warrant a same-day vet call. They can worsen quickly.